From the Back Cover: Forty years after Roe v. Wade, it is evident that the ideologies of “choices” and “rights,” which have publicly framed reproductive politics in North America since the landmark legal decision, have been inadequate in making sense of the topic’s complexities. In Reproductive Acts, Heather Latimer investigates what contemporary fiction and film can tell us about the divisive nature of these politics, and demonstrates how fictional representations of reproduction allow for readings of reproductive politics that are critical of the terms of the debate itself.

Latimer analyzes works by authors such as Margaret Atwood, Kathy Acker, Toni Morrison, Larissa Lai, and director Alfonso Cuaron, among others, to claim that the unease surrounding reproduction, particularly the abortion debate, has increased both inside and outside the United States over the last forty years. Fictional representation, Latimer argues, reveals reproductive politics to be deeply connected to cultural anxieties about gender, race, citizenship, and sexuality—anxieties that cannot be contained under the rules of individual rights or choices.

Striking a balance between fictional, historical, and political analysis, Reproductive Acts makes a compelling argument for the vital role narrative plays in how we make sense of North American reproductive politics.

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About the Author: Heather Latimer is a lecturer in the Coordinated Arts Program at the University of British Columbia.

In Reproductive Medicine and the Life Sciences in the Contemporary Economy, Alexander Styhre and Rebecka Arman illuminate issues that have given rise to terms such as “the bioeconomy” and “the baby business.” The life sciences play an increasing role in providing services and commodities consumed both by businesses and the wider public. Based on an in-depth study of clinics offering what is now called “assisted fertilization” in Sweden, this book is the first to examine the commercialization and commodification of know-how derived from the life sciences, from the point of view of organization theory. In the field of reproductive medicine and assisted fertilization there has been a significant growth of both public and private clinical work. Assisted fertilization clinics are places where individual interests and concerns and social and institutional arrangements intersect. Organized into a front office where clients or patients encounter various professional groups and a back office comprising the laboratories wherein the human reproductive materials are handled and stored, they are more than just places in which reproductive medicine is applied in a clinical setting. Clinicians in this field actively influence the policy-making process and the regulatory frameworks that monitor, structure, and set the boundaries for their work. These are places where wider social and cultural interests and concerns are translated into policies and practice. The clinics are open social systems, continually responding to and influencing discussions. Although the unique approach of this book is its organization theory perspective, it actually combines organization theory, sociological theory, gender theory, science and technology studies, and philosophy. It thus presents an integrated, yet empirically grounded image of the assisted fertilization clinics as both advanced techno-scientific laboratories and health care clinics dealing with a variety of human concerns and interests. Organization theorists, students and practitioners of medicine and biology, science and technology researchers, and policy-makers and professionals in the field of health care management will learn from this full-scale study the critical importance of a socio-material perspective on organization, stressing how material and social resources are always of necessity folded into each other in day-to-day organizing.

A survey of existing law in the various states including many key terms to use in indexes and computerized databases.

From the Dust Jacket: One of the most outspoken feminists, authors, and activists of our time here provides a riveting examination of the issues raised by the celebrated Baby M surrogacy case.

In 1985, Mary Beth Whitehead signed a contract agreeing to act as a surrogate mother for Bill and Betsy Stern for a payment of $10,000. The following year, after giving birth to the child, known in this case as “Baby M,” Mary Beth Whitehead decided to break her contract and keep the baby. Her decision led to a court battle that made headlines everywhere.

With passion and wisdom, Phyllis Chesler explores the impact of this landmark case on our society’s legal, psychological, and ethical condition. Sacred Bond uses this case to explore such questions as: What makes a mother—or father—fit, and who decides? Should surrogacy be abolished? Who can determine a child’s “best interests”? In what ways does the standard surrogate-mother contract constitute baby selling and the exploitation of women? Will pregnancy and childbirth become a blue-collar “occupation”?

Sacred Bond projects the impact of the Baby M case into the future, questioning how the modern definition of family will evolve—and whose definition will prevail. Dr. Chesler probes these questions with all of their disturbing implications. With the same stunning lucidity that marked her best-selling Women and Madness, Chesler now makes the issues raised by the Baby M case a part of our modern consciousness.

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About the Author: Phyllis Chesler is an associate professor of psychology and is a lecturer, custody consultant, and psychotherapist in Brooklyn, New York. In addition to Women and Madness, she is also the author of About Men, With Child, and Mothers On Trial: The Battle for Children and Custody. She is the co-author of Women, Money & Power.

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By the Same Author: Mothers on Trial: The Battle for Children and Custody (1986, McGraw-Hill Book Company), among others.

From the Publisher: An inspiring, often funny, true story of one mother’s journey to having her children.

Adrienne Arieff thought her dreams of becoming a mother might never come true. She and her husband soon discovered, however, that parenthood was still possible, but it would require a gift from a perfect stranger. Half a world away, in India, Vaina was happily married with three small children, but with little means to support her family or to build a better life. Adrienne traveled to India to meet with Dr. Nayna Patel, an expert in surrogacy. There, Adrienne met Vaina, who courageously agreed to be a surrogate and carry Adrienne’s child, an act which would, in turn, help Vaina to provide for her own children.

Adrienne wanted to feel a connection both to her growing child and to Vaina, the woman who was offering this remarkable gift. She decided to go back to India, to be Vaina’s partner for the last months of her pregnancy. This choice brought its own heartaches and revelations, chief among them, how do you develop a relationship when you don’t share a language or culture?

Poignant and eye-opening, The Sacred Thread is a book of the journey these two women took to create a family through foreign surrogacy. The Sacred Thread is a tale of immersing oneself in a different culture; becoming part of a group of expectant mothers, bonded by their hope for children, and following them on the euphoric highs and lows of their journey; and the development of a deep bond between women who have absolutely nothing in common, except for a shared love of family.

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About the Author: Adrienne Arieff, an expert in new media and communications, is the principal of the public relations firm Arieff Communications. She has freelanced for Daily Candy, The New York Times, 7x7, and C Magazine and writes her company’s blog, Urban Pulse. She lives in San Francisco with her husband and their two children.

From the Back Cover: In this new collection of thirteen essays, Arlie Russell Hochschild—author of the groundbreaking exploration of emotional labor The Managed Heart and The Outsourced Self—focuses squarely on the impact of social forces on the emotional side of intimate life.

From the “work” it takes to keep personal life personal, put feeling into work, and empathize with others; to the cultural “blur” between market and home; the effect of a social class gap on family wellbeing; and the movement of care workers around the globe, Hochschild raises deep questions about the modern age. In an eponymous essay, she even points towards a possible future in which a person asking “How’s the family?” hears the proud answer, “Couldn’t be better.”

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About the Author: Arlie Russell Hochschild is Professor Emerita of Sociology at UC Berkeley; she is a leading postwar feminist and the author of numerous books, including The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling.

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Compiler’s Note: See, particularly, Chapter 12: “The Surrogate’s Womb” in the section entitled “Women on the Global Backstage,” which was originally published as an article under the title “Childbirth at the Global Crossroads” in the October 2009 issue of The American Prospect.

In the contemporary world, the unborn—human embryos and foetuses—are highly public and contested figures. Their visual images appear across a wide range of forums, from YouTube videos to pregnancy handbooks. They have become commercial commodities as part of the IVF industry, reproductive tourism and stem cell research and regenerative medicine. The unborn are the focus of intense debates concerning concepts of personhood and humanness, especially in relation to abortion politics and the use and disposal of embryos created outside the human body. The Social Worlds of the Unborn is the first book-length work to discuss all of these issues and more, drawing on social and cultural theory and research and empirical research to do so. It will be of interest to academics and students in a multitude of disciplines, including sociology, anthropology, philosophy, bioethics, gender studies, media and cultural studies and science and technology studies.

One in Four Women today suffers involuntary childlessness. This book is an essential companion guide for those who are considering assisted reproduction and want their expectations to be realistic or for those who are already on that lonely road and wondering what to do next.

Standing in Two Places is a moving memoir that tells the story of a journey through the controversial practice of surrogacy. Ashley Dyson is the intended mother who, after enthusiastically entering a surrogacy arrangement with Norah, suddenly finds herself stuck in a sort of motherhood purgatory: she is a mother of a three-year-old daughter and an unpregnant mother-to-be of a baby growing inside the womb of another woman four states away; she and Norah have formed a close friendship, but they are also business partners, the “business” being carrying Ashley’s baby. There is the traditional role of “mother” and there is this new, ambiguous role of “intended mother,” which for Ashley feels more like the father’s role, the man who goes about his business for nine months then—Voila!—a baby appears in his arms. Ashley finds herself in the middle of what she calls “an actual transition in human evolution,” where she’s in the passenger seat of a car, driven by a friend who also happens to be five months pregnant with her baby. This is motherhood with a twist, and it is complicated.

With honesty, humor, and heartbreaking insight Ashley shares her experience of navigating through this new landscape with no guidebook, no map. “My generation and our children are the subjects of this reproductive revolution, how we live through it must be figured out on a trial and error basis,” Ashley writes. And like motherhood, which demands responsibility and love, Ashley is determined to figure it out, thereby shedding light and possibility on an uncharted place. In the end, Standing in Two Places is a memoir about love. If not for love, what other reason is there to willingly throw oneself headlong into the unknown?

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About the Author: Ashley Dyson graduated from Middlebury College and received an MFA in Creative Writing from George Mason University. Sh lives in New York with her husband and two children.

My husband and I embarked on a journey of a lifetime to make our dream come true. To get the baby we so desired, but could not conceive the natural way. We are based in South Australia and our baby was conceived in a lab and began her life in the womb of a surrogate mother in New Delhi, India. This book is our story. Surrogacy in India shares our journey and provides practical information to help you make your dream come true. You will learn where to start, what to expect along the way and how to get your baby(ies) home with you, safe and sound to start your new family life. It is not always an easy journey, but in the end, it is well worth it.

From the Publisher: Surrogacy Was the Way: Twenty Intended Mothers Tell Their Stories documents the true stories of twenty women who had children via surrogacy. Surrogacy is a complete possibility in today’s day and age, but anyone considering this route to parenthood should know the pros and cons. The women featured go to surrogacy for a variety of reasons, ranging from Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) to cancer to unexplained infertility and everything in between. Some of the journeys go rather smoothly—while others are filled with one obstacle after another. Some of the women have children already and want to add to their family, while most are attempting to become moms for the first time. What they all have in common, however, is that every woman whose story is told knows what it’s like to be an intended mother—the term for the “mother to be” if and when a baby is born. And all of the women ultimately end up having a child (or more) through surrogacy. When I first started researching surrogacy, I was fortunate to find several Online support groups. As I gave and received support to so many other women I became fascinated with the extent to which people would go to simply have a baby. I realized that their stories—our stories—needed to be heard; thus, the idea for this book was born. For the millions of women who have been touched by infertility in some way, or know someone who has, Surrogacy Was the Way will open their eyes to amazing possibilities. It will show them that they do have options, and with persistence and faith, they can achieve their dreams of motherhood after all.

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About the Author: Like most young woman, Zara Griswold had dreams of becoming a mother someday. When she was faced with ovarian cancer and a complete hysterectomy at age twenty-three, however, her fantasies of motherhood were suddenly destroyed. For over eight years she worried if she would ever experience the joys of having children, yet deep down she knew it was a dream she would never dismiss.

In the spring of 2002, a friend of hers suggested something Zara had never considered before—surrogacy. Shortly thereafter, Zara found her surrogate mother Online, and about a year later, in June 2003, she and her husband, Mike, welcomed their son and daughter into their arms.

Zara is a former high school English teacher who is now a stay-at-home-mom. She has a Bachelor of Arts in English from Eastern Michigan University and a Master of Science in Education from Northern Illinois University. In addition to wniting her first book, she is still involved in the surrogacy and infertility communities. She and her family live in the north suburbs of Chicago.

From the Dust Jacket: “Surrogate mother” is a new term that has entered the language. Specifically, it means a woman who contracts, usually with an infertile couple, and is impregnated (by artificial insemination) with the sperm of the fertile husband. When the child is born, the surrogate mother immediately hands it over to the biological father and his wife for legal adoption.

Surrogate mothering is a concept that has stirred a great deal of nationwide controversy. Noel P. Keane, a Dearborn, Michigan attorney who has become the most important national legal expert on the subject, and Dennis L. Breo, National Affairs Editor for the American Medical Association, have written the first definitive, comprehensive book on every aspect of this provocative subject.

In a lively and dramatic style, Messrs. Keane and Breo introduce the reader to the different types of people (ranging from two spouses with Ph.D.s to a very religious couple) who have already had a child through the surrogate method, and those who are expecting one. Also included are intimate and revealing interviews with the surrogate mothers themselves. The authors discuss the varying motives of the adoptive couples and their surrogates, the problems—legal and others—that they encountered along the way, and how these problems were handled.

There is also in-depth examination of the positions of various legal, medical, and religious groups on the surrogate-mother procedure, and there is a review of the enthusiastic responses of many average people to the possibilities opened up by this new option for childless couples.

The authors then present a detailed section that is a guide to all the legal, medical, psychological, and moral questions faced by an adoptive couple and surrogate mother, and offers practical suggestions for answering many of them.

Insightfully and compassionately written, The Surrogate Mother is a ground-breaking examination of this new medico-legal opportunity for infertile couples to have the children they want.

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About the Author: Noel P. Keane counsels couples seeking a surrogate, potential surrogates seeking an adoptive couple, attorneys seeking more information on this concept, and medical personnel wishing to publicize surrogate mothering as a hope for infertile couples.

Dennis L. Breo, in addition to his work for the AMA, has reported on major medical stories for the past ten years, and has written numerous articles for national magazines and newspapers on surrogate mothering. He is the winner of three Chicago Headline Club Awards for Exemplary Journalism.

From the Dust Jacket: A Letter From Sharon: “To watch my son be born was the most wonderful thing in the world.... When they handed the baby to me, I was in heaven.

“It takes a very special person to be a surrogate mother, and Patty was our special and loving person. There is a bond between Patty and me that will be there forever. Patty gave me the greatest thing in my life—she gave me my son!”

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One out of every six couples in the United States who want children cannot have them because of infertility. One such couple turned to Patty Adair to help them. This is her story.

In A Surrogate Mother’s Story, read about:

• Patty’s decision to become a Surrogate Mother.

• How she got chosen.

• The legal contract involved.

• The insemination process.

• The reaction from Patty’s family and friends.

• The reaction from Patty’s employer and the public.

• The birth.

• Why Patty had no problem letting the baby go.

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About the Author: “I was a Surrogate Mother for John and Sharon, an infertile couple. It was one of the best things I ever did in my life, even though I know how controversial the subject of Surrogate Mothering can be.

“I would like to tell my story which, because of the circumstances, I feel is very unique. I also hope it will help people to understand more about the Surrogate Mothering Program.

“Surrogate Mothering has many good points that adoption does not. I do believe Surrogate Mothering is not for every individual, however.

“I also believe that in years to come, Surrogate Mothering will be highly accepted by all, and will be simply another means of adoption.”

From the Foreword: This book is the product of years of dedicated study and reflection. It is indispensable as a guide on assisted reproduction and surrogate motherhood.

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About the Author: Diederika Pretorius was born in 1951 in Bethal, South Africa. In 1979 she started her studies on a part-time basis at the University of Pretoria and obtained the BLC (Baccalaureus Legum Civilium) degree in 1982. In the same year she moved temporarily to Canada and continued her studies extramurally at the University of South Africa. She obtained her LLB (Baccalaureus Legum) in 1985. She returned to South Africa in December 1985 and in the next year assumed a post as lecturer in the Department of Constitutional and Public International Law at the University of South Africa. She is now a senior lecturer in this department. She obtained the LLD (Doctor of Laws) degree in 1991.

From the Publisher: Ever since the Baby M case, the public has been fascinated with the continuing phenomenon of surrogate motherhood. The Baby M case raised, and left unanswered, many questions about what constitutes motherhood, fatherhood, family, reproduction, and kinship. What do the surrogates, commissioning couples, program directors, and attending professionals think and feel about surrogacy? How and when are the children told of their birth origins? How do surrogate mother programs select a surrogate? What psychological tests are administered? Surrogate Motherhood: Conception in the Heart examines the phenomenon of surrogate motherhood in depth, through the unique perspective of a cultural anthropologist, providing us with answers to these and other questions in a richly textured ethnography. Included in the book are actual surrogate and couple evaluation forms completed by clinical psychologists, confidential surrogate mother information sheets, and the legal contract used by one of the programs.

To date, thousands of surrogate-assisted births have taken place, but never before have the experiences of the participants and program staff been explored in such detail. Participants who have never before spoken publicly about their involvement in surrogacy here speak out, and their statements are startling and intriguing. Surrogate mothers and commissioning couples who have suffered the pain of infertility open up their hearts to illuminate the compelling world of surrogacy in which many of our assumptions about nurturance, family, and kinship are reconfigured. The following quotes from surrogates, a father, and an adoptive mother speak to the richness of this text.

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About the Author: Helena Ragoné teaches anthropology at the University of Massachusetts, Boston. She is the coeditor of Situated Lives: Gender and Culture in Everyday Life and Reproducing Reproduction: Kinship, Power, and Technological Innovation. She is currently writing Distant Kin, on gestational surrogacy and ovum donation.

A multidisciplinary collection of essays from leading researchers and practitioners, this book explores legal, ethical, social, psychological and practical aspects of surrogate motherhood. The international perspective adopted by this book offers an opportunity for questions of law, policy and practice to be shared and debated across countries.

From the Dust Jacket: Ever since the explosion of publicity surrounding the case of Mary Beth Whitehead and Baby M, surrogate motherhood has been the center of intense debate. Does the right to reproductive freedom support surrogacy agreements or do these agreements deny rights to the gestational mother? Is it ethically permissible to allow parties to consent to surrogacy arrangements or is it ethically wrong to ask a woman to become little more than a “fetal container”? Is surrogacy a gift to infertile couples or no more than baby selling?

This book is an important addition to the public discussion of surrogate motherhood. The essays in this collection, originally published as a special issue of the journal Law, Medicine, and Health Care, examine the legal, ethical, civil liberties, women’s autonomy, and public health aspects of the surrogacy debate. The contributors are Lori B. Andrews, George J. Annas, Randall P. Bezanson, Lisa Sowle Cahill, Alexander Capron, R. Alta Charo, Gena Corea, Larry Gostin, Angela R. Holder, Ruth Macklin, Joan Mahoney, Margaret J. Radin, John A. Robertson, Karen H. Rothenberg George P. Smith, Bonnie Steinbock, and Nadine Taub.

For the Indiana University Press edition, the editor has added a new introduction and substantial appendixes of important source material, including excerpts from the Baby M decision and policy statements of the major groups involved in the debate.

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About the Author: Larry Gostin is the Executive Director of the American Society of Law and Medicine.

From Library Journal: In the wake of Baby M, Shannon’s book occupies the niche given to ethical and moral considerations of surrogacy—except for one fine chapter on cases and regulations. Shannon (religion, Worcester Polytechnic) presents, prolixly, the thoughts of many, including Marx, Dworkin, Wartofsky, T. Murray, and Titmuss. After examining the arguments concerning alienation, prostitution, pronatalism, the family, the “right” to have a child, baby-selling, commercialism, and blood and organ donation, Shannon concludes that surrogacy should be prohibited. This title follows many by the same author covering various ethical questions, particularly bioethics. — Janice Dunham, John Jay Coll. Lib., New York. Copyright 1989 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From the Dust Jacket: A practice known since biblical times, surrogate motherhood has only recently leaped to prominence as a way of providing babies for childless couples—and leaped to notoriety through the dramatic case of Baby M. Contract surrogacy is officially little more than ten years old, but by 1986 five hundred babies had been born to mothers who gave them up to sperm donor fathers for a fee, and the practice is growing rapidly. Martha Field examines the myriad legal complexities that today enmesh surrogate motherhood, and also looks beyond existing legal rules to ask what society wants from surrogacy.

A man’s desire to be a “biological” parent even when his wife is infertile—the father’s wife usually adopts the child—has led to this new kind of family, and modern technology could further extend surrogacy’s appeal by making gestational surrogates available to couples who provide both egg and sperm. But is surrogacy a form of babyselling? Is the practice a private matter covered by contract law, or does adoption law govern? Is it good or bad social and public policy to leave surrogacy unregulated? Should the law allow, encourage, discourage, or prohibit surrogate motherhood? Ultimately the answers will depend on what the American public wants.

In the difficult process of sorting out such vexing questions, Martha Field has written a landmark book. Showing that the problem is rather too much applicable law than too little, she discusses contract law and constitutional law, custody and adoption law, and the rights of biological fathers as well as the laws governing sperm donation. Competing values are involved all along the legal and social spectrum. Field suggests that a federal prohibition would be most effective if banning surrogacy—is the aim, but federal prohibition might not be chosen for a variety of reasons: a preference for regulating surrogacy instead of driving it underground; a preference for allowing regulation and variation by state; or a respect for the interests of people who want to enter surrogacy arrangements. Since the law can support a wide variety of positions, Field offers one that seems best to reconcile the competing values at stake. Whether or not paid surrogacy is made illegal, she suggests that a surrogate mother retain the option of abiding by or canceling the contract up to the time she freely gives the child to the adopting couple. And if she cancels the contract, she should be entitled to custody without having to prove in court that she would be a better parent than the father.

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About the Author: Martha A. Field is Professor of Law, Harvard Law School.

Examines how “surrogate mother” contracts exploit children and women; rights and responsibilities in child raising; and how these questions relate to the working-class struggle for economic justice and social progress.

From the Dust Jacket: Highly controversial by its very nature, surrogate parenting is, nevertheless, attracting widespread attention as a viable alternative for infertile couples intent on bearing a child. In the wake of the “Baby M” ruling, surrogate parenting clinics nationwide were swamped with inquiries from both prospective surrogates and couples. But the questions and the controversy remain.

In Surrogate Parenting, Amy Zuckerman Overvold explores the issues behind the controversy, and she does it through the testimony of couples and surrogates who have experienced the process, as well as directors of parenting clinics. Is surrogate parenting worth the legal risk and the financial burden? Is it an ethical alternative means of childbearing for infertile couples or is it motherhood for financial gain? What persuades a woman to bear a child for strangers? What do surrogate parents tell their child about his or her parentage? Should surrogate parenting clinics be licensed? Overvold examines these issues and many more.

Through the discussion, Overvold provides a source of general information on surrogate parenting and offers an ethical and psychological guide to those interested in this method of parenting. Although basically sympathetic to the process, Overvold recognizes the thorny emotional issues at stake for all parties concerned. This book will help make those entering or contemplating the process aware of the wide-ranging consequences of their actions and, even more importantly, to make intelligent and informed decisions that can lead to healthy, sound surrogate parenting experiences.

A special appendix lists all the surrogate parenting clinics operating at publication date. The listings include a brief description of the characteristics and operating procedures of each clinic.

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About the Author: Amy Zuckerman Overvold is a writer and former journalist who lives in Worcester, Massachusetts. Her interest in surrogate parenting and this book stem from her coverage of the experiences of a surrogate couple in the Worcester area.

From the Publisher: Developments in new reproductive technologies have confounded public policy and created legal and ethical quandaries for professionals and ordinary citizens alike. Drawing from the most current medical, psychiatric, legal, and bioethical literature, Ruth Macklin, noted author and philosopher, presents the arguments surrounding these advances through the voices of fictional characters. The episodes she narrates are based on real-life situations, both from her personal experience as a hospital ethicist and from the public arena, where such controversial court cases as that of Baby M have sparked a multitude of disparate opinions on surrogacy, in vitro fertilization, and egg and sperm donor program.

Macklin's hypothetical tale centers on Bonnie and Larry, an infertile couple longing for a child. As the couple's quest to become parents begins, they discover that Bonnie is physically incapable of carrying a pregnancy to term. Desperate to explore their options, Bonnie and Larry attempt adoption but are rejected by the agency without explanation. Finally, they contemplate surrogacy as their last chance to have a child. Seeking advice and answers, they consult health professionals, lawyers, pastoral counselors, and a bioethicist. In the course of this complicated and often painful decision-making process, they attend meetings of a government task force on reproduction where they hear both radical and liberal feminist positions.

Their experiences with friends, family members, two surrogates, hospital ethics committees, and special interest groups underscore the difficulty of coming to a consensus on such issues as AIDS, the right to privacy, premenstrual syndrome, the violation of surrogate contracts, and the responsibilities of therapists and physicians to their patients and to the community at large.

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About the Author: Ruth Macklin is Professor of Bioethics at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the author of eight books, including the highly praised Mortal Choices: Bioethics in Today's World and Enemies of Patients: How Doctors Are Losing Their Power and Patients Are Losing Their Rights. A consultant to and board member of several national and international organizations, including the National Institute of Health, the National Research Council, and the World Health Organization, she has directed her educational and writing efforts to issues of urban health, health policy and law, reproductive technologies, and biomedical research and ethics.

What impact has technology had on cultural meanings, values, and symbols? This anthropological exploration shows how technologies produce novel and sometimes jarring realignments among cultural institutions. Contemporary reproductive, medical, genetic, and information technologies forge unprecedented family relationships, produce a new mode of thinking based on the confluence of artificial and human intelligence, and reconfigure conventional scales of time and space. Taken together, they redefine what it is to be human.

From the Publisher: In this book, Nathanson examines how contemporary American television and associated digital media depict women’s everyday lives as homemakers, career women and mothers. Her focus on American popular culture from the 1990s through the present reveals two extremes: narratives about women who cannot keep house and narratives about women who only keep house. Nathanson looks specifically at the issue of time in this context and argues that the media constructs panics about domestic time scarcity while at the same time offering solutions for those very panics. Analyzing TV programs such as How Clean Is Your House, Up All Night, and Supernanny, she finds that media’s portrayals of women’s time is crucial to understanding definitions of femininity, women’s labor, and leisure in the postfeminist context.

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About the Author: Elizabeth Nathanson is an assistant professor in the Department of Media and Communications at Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA, USA.

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Compiler’s Note: See, particularly, Chapter 5: “Monthly Ebbs and Flows: The Labor of Childbirth and the Postfeminist Biological Clock.”

From the Publisher: The first IVF conceived birth in 1978 resulted in a significant growth of third-party reproductive options which continue to raise ethical, legal, and psychological questions. Third-party reproduction procedures can involve as many as five people: sperm donor, egg donor, gestational carrier, and intended parents.

Third-Party Reproduction: A Comprehensive Guide utilizes experts in the field to address the medical, psychological, ethical and legal aspects of sperm donation, egg donation, embryo donation, and the use of gestational carriers. In addition, there are chapters on the medical and ethical aspects of posthumous reproduction, religious aspects of third-party reproduction, and how to avoid pitfalls of third-party reproduction.

Aimed at physicians, trainees, psychologists, nurses, and social workers whose practices may include patients considering third-party reproduction, the intent of this book is to provide a comprehensive and practical overview of the many aspects of third-party reproduction to help all those involved to better understand them. Patients considering third-party reproduction may also find value in this book.

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About the Author: James Goldfarb, MD, MBA, is the Director of Fertility Services and In Vitro Fertilization at University Hospitals of Cleveland. He is also a Clinical Professor of Reproductive Biology at the Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. Since the ’80s, Dr. Goldfarb has been at the forefront of third-party reproduction. His infertility program was responsible for the first in-vitro fertilization birth in Ohio in 1983 and the world’s first in-vitro fertilization/surrogate birth in 1986. He is immediate past president of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technologies (SART) and, through his association with SART and his active clinical practice, he has been very involved with recent issues regarding all aspects of third-party reproduction.

The Ultimate Guide to Surrogate Mothers: How to Minimize Costs, Avoid Dangerous Pitfalls, and Protect the Welfare of Your Future Baby! is a must-have guide to the journey of surrogacy for any couples who are unable to biologically have children. In this report, you’ll discover exactly how to navigate through the uncharted waters of surrogacy to choose the right surrogate mother to give you the baby that you have always dreamed of. If you are a couple who has tried unsuccessfully for years to conceive, or if you are a non-traditional couple who is unable to naturally have children, this report will give you insider information compiled from extensive research about the best way to choose an affordable, healthy surrogate mother to carry your baby.