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The 3-5-7 Model: A Practice Approach to Permanency. Darla L Henry, PhD, MSW. 2012. 192p. Sunbury Press.
From the Author’s Website: Overview: The 3-5-7 Model® is a state-of-the-art, evidence-based practice that supports the work of children, youth and families in grieving their losses and rebuilding their relationships towards the goals of well-being, safety and permanency. The 3-5-7 Model® is the core of child welfare practice, incorporating theoretical underpinnings from child development, attachment, separation and loss, trauma, family systems and relationship development. In 2012, the Administration on Children, Youth and Families (ACYF) underscored the importance of promoting social and emotional well-being for children and youth receiving child welfare services. This desired well-being relates to the teachings of Erikson, understanding how maltreatment impacts child development; Kubler-Ross, understanding grief; Maslow, understanding the Hierarchy of Need and a sense of belongingness; and other well-known experts on attachment and relationship building.

The 3-5-7 Model® is a strengths based approach that empowers children, youth and families to engage in grieving and integrating significant relationships. Family Search and Engagement activities, Family Group Decision Making, Signs of Safety, and other practice models can be woven into the three tasks of the 3-5-7 Model®. The 3-5-7 Model® uses tools (e.g., lifebooks, loss/life lines) to support work around issues of separation and loss, identity formation, attachment, and building relationships, and it also supports deeper therapeutic work around abuse, abandonment, and neglect experiences. Practice applications can be made throughout ongoing case management services, from intake to child protective to placement services. The 3-5-7 Model® supports kinship, foster and adoptive family relationships. The 3-5-7 Model® is also an effective engagement strategy with birth families.


Abandoned Children: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. Catherine Panter-Brick & Malcolm T Smith, eds. 2000. 248p. Cambridge University Press.
From the Publisher: The situation of children abandoned by adults, in foundling homes, sleeping rough in the streets, in refugee camps, and in other circumstances, attracts much political and journalistic attention, but surprisingly little from social scientists. As the editors of this volume point out, there is therefore not enough said about the varieties of experiences summarised as “abandonment.” Nor has enough effort been put into studying the perspectives of children themselves on their situation. Situating the discourse on child abandonment in the more general field of debate on children, both historical and ethnographic, this book attempts to show that the presentations of “abandoned” children tend to take for granted ethnocentric ideas about what children can and should do, and about what their relationship should be with adults. The range of historical and ethnographic case studies, over a variety of situations, illustrate the need to contextualise their position in particular cultural situations.

Abandoned Children: Foundlings and Child Welfare in Nineteenth Century France. Rachel Ginnis Fuchs. 1984. 357p. (SUNY Series in Modern European Social History) State University of New York Press.
From the Publisher: In nineteenth-century France, parents abandoned their children in overwhelming numbers—up to 20 percent of live births in the Parisian area. The infants were left at state-run homes and were then transferred to rural wet nurses and foster parents. Their chances of survival were slim, but with alterations in state policy, economic and medical development, and changing attitudes toward children and the family, their chances had significantly improved by the end of the century.

Rachel Fuchs has drawn on newly discovered archival sources and previously untapped documents of the Paris foundling home in order to depict the actual conditions of abandoned children and to reveal the bureaucratic and political response. This study traces the evolution of French social policy from early attempts to limit welfare to later efforts to increase social programs and influence family life.

Abandoned Children illuminates in detail the family life of nineteenth-century French poor. It shows how French social policy with respect to abandoned children sought to create an economically useful and politically neutral underclass out of a segment of the population that might otherwise have been an economic drain and a potential political threat.


About the Author: Rachel Ginnis Fuchs is Assistant Professor of History at Arizona State University.


Abandoned in Manchuria. Yeeshan Yang. 2012. 278p. CreateSpace.
Just a few days before Japan’s surrender in 1945, its Manchurian colony was attacked by the Soviets. Many unarmed Japanese settled in colonial villages died or committed collective suicide, while others starved in refugee camps. Some survived. They did so by entering Chinese families as wives or adopted children. After decades, they have been repatriated to Japan, often with their Chinese extended family members of three generations. Their repatriation brought up complex feelings of historical indebtedness within the Japanese public. Such guilt began to fade away when Japan has been distressed by these rural migrants. Tensions deepened when the repatriates accused the state of abandoning them at court. What they really want is to negotiate for advancement through whatever means between metropolitan Japan and rural China to “hitchhike” a modern life.

Abandoned Japanese in Postwar Manchuria: The Lives of War Orphans and Wives in Two Countries. Yeeshan Chan. 2011. 208p. Routledge.
This book relates the experiences of the zanryu-hojin—the Japanese civilians, mostly women and children, who were abandoned in Manchuria after the end of the Second World War when Japan’s puppet state in Manchuria ended, and when most Japanese who had been based there returned to Japan. Many zanryu-hojin survived in Chinese peasant families, often as wives or adopted children; the Chinese government estimated that there were around 13,000 survivors in 1959, at the time when over 30,000 “missing” people were deleted from Japanese family registers as “war dead.” Since 1972 the zanryu-hojin have been gradually repatriated to Japan, often along with several generations of their extended Chinese families, the group in Japan now numbering around 100,000 people. Besides outlining the zanryu-hojin’s experiences, the book explores the related issues of war memories and war guilt which resurfaced during the 1980s, the more recent court case brought by zanryu-hojin against the Japanese government in which they accuse the Japanese government of abandoning them, and the impact on the towns in northeast China from which the zanryu-hojin were repatriated and which now benefit hugely from overseas remittances from their former residents. Overall, the book deepens our understanding of Japanese society and its anti-war social movements, besides providing vivid and colourful sketches of individuals’ world views, motivations, behaviours, strategies and difficulties.

Aboriginal Child Welfare, Self-Government and the Rights of Indigenous Children: Protecting the Vulnerable Under International Law. Sonia Harris-Short. 2012. 319p. Ashgate.
From the Publisher: This volume addresses the contentious and topical issue of aboriginal self-government over child welfare. Using case studies from Australia and Canada, it discusses aboriginal child welfare in historical and comparative perspectives and critically examines recent legal reforms and changes in the design, management and delivery of child welfare services aimed at securing the “decolonization” of aboriginal children and families. Within this context, the author identifies the limitations of reconciling the conflicting demands of self-determination and sovereignty and suggests that international law can provide more nuanced and culturally sensitive solutions. Referring to the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, it is argued that the effective decolonization of aboriginal child welfare requires a journey well beyond the single issue of child welfare to the heart of the debate over self-government, self-determination and sovereignty in both national and international law.

About the Author: Sonia Harris-Short holds the position of Reader in Law at Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, U.K., having previously held the posts of Lecturer and Senior Lecturer at the University of Durham. She is the co-author (with J. Miles, University of Cambridge) of Family Law: Text, Cases and Materials, a major family law text for OUP, and has published extensively in major U.K. and international journals. Aboriginal Child Welfare brings together her research interests in family law, children’s rights, indigenous peoples and the accommodation of cultural diversity in international human rights law. Research for this book was carried out during visiting appointments at the University of Victoria, Canada and the University of New South Wales, Australia and was supported by the award of a British Academy small research grant.


Abortion Parley. James Tunstead Burtchaell, CSC, ed. Foreword by Theodore M Hesburgh, CSC. 1980. 352p. (Papers Delivered at the National Conference on Abortion Held at the University of Notre Dame in October 1979) Andrews & McMeel.
From the Dust Jacket: In October of 1979 the University of Notre Dame, in the interest of providing a forum for informed discussion on a subject most frequently addressed in the heat of passion, sponsored a conference on abortion. Participation was solicited from persons representative of a wide range of opinion and expertise, and each conferee was invited to approach the issue from his or her unique perspective. Public reaction ranged from outrage that a Catholic institution would even consider such a project to a cynical shrug at the prospect of a pro-life pep rally. The results, in the form of the papers collected here, attest both to the validity of intent of the organizers and to the sincerity and painstaking effort of the participants.

The twelve papers presented here cover a broad spectrum of topics. Raymond Adamek, noting the inconsistencies of public policy and public opinion, makes a reasoned argument for reassessment:; Judith Blake develops a statistical profile of those likely to wind up at the extremes of the debate; Henry David looks at national and international policy and practice: and Mary Ann Lamanna persuasively calls for involvement in social science research for answers. Elizabeth Cole reports on adoption as an alternative, while Kathleen Perry and Judith Peterson describe a model program for pregnant women in distress. Virginia Abernethy provides a psychological portrait of women at risk, pointing out the disturbing fact that among those most vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy are young teen-age girls; and Dr. Arthur Kornhaber recounts the history of three women who chose abortion. Hadley Arkes, Mary Segers, and Donald Warwick address various public policy aspects of the abortion question, including public funding, and Stanley Hauerwas closes with a critique of Christian arguments against abortion.

The tone throughout is nonpolemical, and in all, the book contributes significantly. if not to a final resolution, at least to a much needed clarification of terms in the abortion debate.


About the Author: James Tunstead Burtchaell, C.S.C., is a noted scholar and teacher, with degrees from Cambridge University, the Pontificia Universita Gregoriana in Rome, Catholic University of America, and the University of Notre Dame. Appointed to the position of University Provost at Notre Dame in 1970, Father Burtchaell oversaw much of the educational and social aspects of student life at Notre Dame. Though he resigned from the position in 1977, Father Burtchaell is still an active member of the university’s Department of Theology.

Father Burtchaell has served as the president of the American Academy of Religion and is the author of numerous works, including Philemon’s Problem and Marriage Among Christians: A Curious Tradition.


Abortion Practice in Britain and the United States. Colin Francome. 1986. 206p. Allen & Unwin (UK).
From the Dust Jacket: Rates of abortion in Britain and the United States are a source of considerable concern, and controversy over the best strategy for reducing these rates is often fierce. In this book, Colin Francome sets out to consider some of the factors leading to the demand for abortion, and to explain why the average rate for terminations in the United States is more than twice that for Britain.

Dr. Francome examines the issues at the centre of this debate in the light of answers provided on self-administered questionnaires by over 1,100 women in abortion clinics or centres in the United States, and by over 600 women in Britain. His findings are in complete contradiction to the arguments of those who believe that open discussion of sexuality makes the problem of unwanted pregnancy worse. The evidence suggests that a considerable decrease in the demand for abortion could be effected by such measures as improving sex education, improving birth control services, and making stronger attempts to involve men in contraceptive practices. Indeed, Dr. Francome believes that the halving of the abortion rate in the United States, and its reduction in Britain by one quarter, are realisable targets within five years.


About the Author: Colin Francome is Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the Middlesex Polytechnic, London. He has been writing on abortion and birth control for over ten years, and is the author of Abortion Freedom: A Worldwide Movement (Allen & Unwin, 1984). His findings and arguments will be of interest to all students of the sociology of health and medicine, of women’s studies, and also to all those concerned with these controversial issues.


Accomplishing Permanency: Reunification Pathways and Outcomes for Foster Children. Elizabeth Fernandez. 2012. 168p. (Springer Briefs in Well-Being and Quality of Life Research) Springer.
Reunification is a primary goal of foster care systems and the most common permanency planning decision. It is defined as the return of children placed in protective care to the home of their birth family and used to describe the act of restoring a child in out-of-home care back to the biological family. Yet reunification decision-making and the process of reintegrating children into birth families remains under researched. This Brief takes a look at family reunification knowledge and research in Australia where there is evidence that most children placed in protective care are eventually reunited with their birth parents. It explores how a knowledge of reunification decision making and outcomes can contribute to strengthening practice and informing policy formulation and program planning in Child Welfare.

The Accountable Agency. Reginald K Carter. Foreword by Leon H Ginsberg. 1983. 151p. (Published in cooperation with the University of Michigan School of Social Work and the American Public Welfare Association) (SAGE Human Services Guide #34) Sage Publications.
From the Foreword: For much of the recent history of human services managers, government officials, the press, and the public have called for information to demonstrate the effectiveness, the efficiency, or the lack thereof of human services programs.

Although gross data have long been collected and disseminated on cash assistance programs, food stamps, medical care, and measurable social services such as day care, homemaker services, and foster care, information on the actual performances of services programs and their impact on clients has only recently begun to be defined, collected, evaluated, and disseminated.

Now, in this major contribution to the human services literature, Dr. Carter has organized and made his wisdom available for sharing with a broader public.

In this practical, well-written, and well-documented book, information on how agencies may intelligently evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of their programs through accountability data, client outcome studies, and studies of satisfaction with services is attractively provided.

Dr. Carter includes a number of examples of accountability studies. He is candid about the limitation of accountability data and he is equally candid about the resistance many program managers exhibit to seeking answers to questions that responsible administrators should clearly want.

Managers of programs, services, workers, the press, government officials, and the public at large would do well to read and assimilate the ideas Dr. Carter presents. In a time when human services are under attack for being ineffective and at a time when resources are stretched more and more by the needs of disadvantaged people, knowing the truth about human services programs—as well as caring about the needs of people—becomes more important than ever.

The instructive lessons of Dr. Carter’s book can help everyone involved deal more effectively with the crucial problems of understanding the real costs and the real consequences of the multi-billion-dollar human services industry, which is an important factor in the U.S. economy and a major factor in the lives of millions of U.S. citizens.


About the Author: Reginald Carter has been the Director of Evaluation for the Michigan Department of Social Services since 1975. He has directed evaluations of thirty programs including employment and training, day-care, foster care, delinquency, nursing homes, and public assistance programs. Previously he was professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside. He has a Ph.D. in Industrial Sociology from Michigan State University.

Reginald Carter has written numerous article for professional journals and recently co-authored a book entitled Developing Client Outcome Monitoring Systems: A Guide for State and Local Social Service Agencies (1981).


Achieving Permanence for Every Child: The Effective Use of Adoption Subsidies. Jeanette Wiedemeier Bower. 1998. 44p. North American Council on Adoption Children.

Achieving Permanence for Older Children and Youth in Foster Care. Benjamin Kerman, Madelyn Freundlich & Anthony Maluccio, eds. 2009. 401p. Columbia University Press.
From the Back Cover: Through a novel integration of child welfare data, policy analysis, and evidence-informed youth permanency practice, the essays in this volume show how to achieve and sustain family permanence for older children and youth in foster care. Researchers examine what is known about permanency outcomes for youth in foster care, how the existing knowledge base can be applied to improve these outcomes, and the directions that future research should take to strengthen youth permanence practice and policy. Part 1 examines child welfare data concerning reunification, adoption, and relative custody and guardianship and the implications for practice and policy. Part 2 addresses law, regulation, court reform, and resource allocation as vital components in achieving and sustaining family permanence. Contributors examine the impact of policy change created by court reform and propose new federal and state policy directions. Part 3 outlines a range of practices designed to achieve family permanence for youth in foster care: preserving families through community-based services, reunification, adoption, and custody and guardianship arrangements with relatives. As growing numbers of youth continue to “age out” of foster care without permanent families, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers have increasingly focused on developing evidence-informed policies, practices, services and supports to improve outcomes for youth. Edited by leading professionals in the field, this text recommends the most relevant and effective methods for improving family permanency outcomes for older youth in foster care.

About the Author: Benjamin Kerman is the director of research and evaluation for Casey Family Services, the direct services agency of the Annie E. Casey Foundation, where he has conducted program evaluations and child welfare research since 1997. He serves on the adjunct faculty of the Yale Child Study Center.

Madelyn Freundlich is a senior child welfare consultant who works with national, regional, and state child welfare organizations as they develop and implement practice, program, policy, and research initiatives. She holds master’s degrees in social work and public health and two degrees in law.

Anthony N. Maluccio is professor emeritus at the University of Connecticut and Boston College. An internationally recognized scholar in the field of child welfare, he has written more than a hundred book chapters and journal articles on child welfare issues and has twice been a Fulbright Scholar.


Achieving Permanency for Adolescents in Foster Care: A Guide for Legal Professionals. Claire Sandt Chiamulera & Sally Small Inada, eds. 2006. 246p. American Bar Association.
Preface: Some of our most challenging and rewarding clients to represent are adolescents. Not only are they survivors of abuse and/or neglect, but they often bring a multitude of other issues ranging from delinquency to substance abuse to disabilities. In most cases, they are just being maintained in foster care until they can age out at 18 with little preparation or thought for permanency.

The population of adolescents in the child welfare system is steadily growing. As advocates for these young adults, it is our responsibility to educate ourselves not just on abuse and neglect law and policy but also on the ancillary issues that impact permanency. We must use our knowledge to change how adolescents are treated in the child welfare system. The quality of their lives depends on us. They will not hold us responsible so the burden is even higher on us.

Our hope is that this book serves as a guide to attorneys and judges whenever they have the privilege of serving this population of youth.

Andrea Khoury, Project Co-Director


Achieving Positive Outcomes for Children in Care. RJ (Seán) Cameron & Colin Maginn. 2009. 161p. (Lucky Duck Books Series) Sage Publications, Ltd (UK).
From the Publisher: For over a decade and with the best of intentions, the U.K. government has spent millions attempting, but largely failing, to improve personal, social and educational outcomes for children and young people in public care. In this book, the authors explain why the problems of this highly vulnerable group have resisted such effort, energy and expenditure and go on to show how achieving positive outcomes for children in care is possible when the root causes of failure are tackled. Topics covered include:

• The power of parenting

• The impact of parental rejection on emotional development

• Support for the adaptive emotional development of children and young people

• Practical advice on introducing the “Authentic Warmth” approach into existing childcare organisations

• Future issues in childcare

This book is essential reading for carers, commissioners, policymakers, support professionals, designated teachers and students of social work.


Achieving Successful Returns from Care: What Makes Reunification Work?. Elaine Farmer, Wendy Sturgess, Teresa O’Neill & Dinithi Wijedasa. 2011. 230p. British Association for Adoption & Fostering (UK).
From the Publisher: Reunification has been little studied in the U.K. but given its place in care planning for looked after children, it certainly deserves greater attention. How can the level of successful returns be increased? What supports are crucial to success? And in what circumstances is return home contra-indicated? There is a real need for up-to-date information to enable local authorities to make informed decisions about when to return children to their parents, and what kinds of services and case management will increase the chances of success. This important and timely study focuses on 180 children, aged 0-14, who were all returned home from care in six local authorities in England. The study aims to: Examine the patterns and outcomes of return home through a two-year follow-up of the sample; Investigate which factors are associated with successful and unsuccessful returns; Explore through in-depth interviews with children and parents their own experiences of successful and unsuccessful returns, including repeated failed reunification. The findings suggest that appropriate assessment, preparation and service are linked to returns succeeding. Lack of appropriate intervention, on the other hand, has far-reaching consequences for children’s future well-being and stability. What is needed, the study argues, is a refocus of attention onto reunification in order to improve children’s outcomes.

About the Author: Elaine Farmer is Professor of Child and Family Studies in the School for Policy Studies at the University of Bristol.

Wendy Sturgess was a Research Associate in the School for Policy Studies at the University of Bristol.

Teresa O Neill was the Director of the Post-Qualifying Award in Specialist Social Work with Children and Young People at the University of Bristol.

Dinithi Wijedasa is a Research Associate at the Hadley Centre for Adoption and Foster Care Studies at the University of Bristol.


Activities to Promote and Strengthen Children’s Sense of Racial, Cultural and Adoptive Identity. Monica Duck, Franca Brenninkmeyer, Beryl Coley & Sue Dromey. 2008. 12p. Post-Adoption Centre (UK).

The Addiction-Prone Personality. Gordon E Barnes, Robert P Murray, David Patton, Peter M Bentler & Robert E Anderson. 2000. 320p. (Longitudinal Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Series) Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
From the Publisher: This book investigates whether or not there is a causal link between personality traits and the development of alcohol abuse. Findings suggest that there is such a link: people who are inclined toward sensation-seeking are likely to consume more alcohol, and those who show high levels of psychotic and/or antisocial behavior are more inclined to have alcohol problems. The authors successfully develop and validate a measure of the Addiction-Prone Personality.

Compiler’s Note: See, particularly, Chapter 11: “The Development of the Prealcoholic/Addiction Prone Personality.”


Adolescent Adoption Decisions: Personal and Social Context. Robert Griffore, David J Kallen & Michigan State University Staff, eds. 2001. 300p. Garland Publishing.

Adopt: Webster’s Timeline History, 2007. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 32p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopt: Webster’s Timeline History, 393 BC-2006. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 622p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopted: God’s “Plan A”. Aaron N Hartman. 2013. 144p. Deep River Books.
Dr. Aaron N. Hartman began work on his seminary degree at Reformed Theological Seminary while practicing medicine in the US Air Force. It was during this time he and his wife, Rebekah, adopted Anna and Abigail out of the Florida foster system, and Dr. Hartman first began to grasp the significance of the doctrine of adoption. Late in 2008, one of his wife’s friends, in referencing her own adoption of a child, referred to it as God’s “Plan B.” In that instant, while playing with Anna, he was seized by the realization that our adoption by God was, in fact, His sovereign plan from the beginning of time; therefore, adopting fatherless children is also nothing less than God’s “Plan A.” Dr. Hartman spent the following year writing his thesis on the doctrine of adoption. In Adopted: God’s “Plan A”, he shows how integral this doctrine is to our understanding of the gospel. The call of James 1:27 is for those who have been redeemed and adopted by the Father to reflect his image through care of the orphan. Such a response is grace driven, Gospel proclaiming, and God glorifying.

Adopted: Webster’s Timeline History, 1888-1952. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 396p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopted: Webster’s Timeline History, 1953-1985. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 394p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopted: Webster’s Timeline History, 1986-2000. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 588p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopted: Webster’s Timeline History, 2001-2007. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 464p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

Adopted: Webster’s Timeline History, 8000 BC-1887. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 434p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopt,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adopt in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopt when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopt, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.


Jean Paton
1908-2002
The Adopted Break Silence: Forty Men and Women Describe Their Search for Natural Parents. Compiled & Written by Jean Paton. 1954. 164p. Life History Study Center.
The Adopted Break Silence is arguably the first in-depth study of adoption from the adult adoptee’s perspective. The 40 study participants represent a self-selected sample obtained through advertising for persons “adopted before 1932” who then completed a questionnaire. This book describes their reports, organizes the facts and attitudes contained therein, and suggests a few thoughts. About the Author: Jean Paton was a pioneering reformer and founder of the adoptee support and search network, Orphan Voyage, established in 1953. She was a talented sculptor as well as a tireless activist trained in social work. Born in Detroit in 1908, she had no difficulty obtaining her own adoption records and original birth certificate, including her birth parents’ names, from the probate court in 1942. Several years later, she met her birth mother, and the experience changed her forever. By the time she began collecting the forty life stories that appeared in The Adopted Break Silence, most states in the country had instituted policies of confidentiality and sealed records, making search and reunion a virtual impossibility. Paton spent her adult life seeking to overturn adoption secrecy and frequently took positions well in advance of her contemporaries. She suggested the creation of a mutual consent registry as early as 1949, for example, and embraced the term “bastard” in the 1970s, declaring “Bastards Are Beautiful” long before the era of Bastard Nation. One of her most important arguments, evident in this excerpt, was that forever considering adoptees as children made the lifelong impact of adoption invisible. Hearing the voices of adult adoptees, she believed, was essential to learning more about the diversity of adoption experiences. Jean Paton died in 2002.

The Adopted Child. Joseph G Ansfield. 1971. 56p. Charles C Thomas.
From the October 1971 issue of The British Journal of Psychiatry: This is a book of five chapters covering most aspects of adoption from the points of view of the would-be adoptive parents, the natural parents, and the adopted child both as young and as an adolescent. The author is a practising psychiatrist in Chicago, who writes that he was prompted to produce this book because of the laments made to him, in the course of his work, by parents of adopted children. “If we had it to do all over again, we would never have told our child that he was adopted.”

This book is an expression of opinion. In his identification with the adoptive parents, Dr. Ansficld states his strong belief that adopted children should not be told of their adoption. He gives no bibliography, and indeed states that to his knowledge no meaningful study has been done on the subject. Nor does he give any hint that he is to study a control group; he does not even compare his cases of private adoption with those done through an agency. Further, Dr. Ansficld does not make any suggestion that there could be adverse psychological factors working in the adoptive parents, which made for the difficulties, attributed uncritically, to the fact that the child knew of his adoption.

It is difficult for a British psychiatrist to appreciate the attitude and the intensity of feeling which Dr. Ansfield displays.

Stephanie M. Leese


The Adopted Child. Mary Ellison. 1958. 175p. Victor Gollancz (UK).
A full discussion of all aspects of child adoption.

Adopted Child: Webster’s Timeline History, 1008-2007. Professor Philip M Parker, PhD, ed. 2010. 38p. ICON Group International, Inc.
Webster’s bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on “Adopted Child,” including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have “Adopted Child” in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adopted Child when it is used in proper noun form. Webster’s timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This “data dump” results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adopted Child, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under “fair use” conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

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